Digital Tabayyun in Islamic Religious Education: A Framework for Developing Elementary School Students’ Information Verification Skills

Abstract

Elementary school children are increasingly exposed to digital content, yet Islamic Religious Education (PAI) lacks an information-verification procedure suited to children’s developmental stage. This study aims to formulate the concept of digital tabayyun for elementary students, to map its integration points in PAI components, and to design a learning model and a rubric for assessing information-verification skills. It uses qualitative library research with directed content analysis of Q.S. Al-Hujurat verse 6 and its exegetical literature, research on information verification, developmental psychology, and 2025 curriculum documents. The results show that digital tabayyun can be formulated as an ethical disposition and a verification competence, operationalized in four steps, Stop, Ask, Check, and Decide (BTCP), with expectations graded by learning phase; that the steps can be integrated into the five components of PAI; and that a five-stage learning model with a five-indicator rubric can guide teachers. It is concluded that strengthening digital tabayyun in elementary schools should be designed as a combination of values and skills taught gradually and repeatedly. The framework is conceptual and needs testing through classroom action research, quasi-experiments, or development research.